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springmvc和encache集成關鍵代碼和總結

基于注解的spring緩存配置了解更多與spring集成的Echache 還有分布式的mencache讓我更好學習了oscache

介紹二者集成之前，先介紹下GoogleCode上的ehcache-spring-annotations項目

 /**
 * ehcache-spring-annotations簡介
 * @see ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * @see 關于Spring與Ehcache的集成,googlecode上有一個經Apache認證的開源項目叫做ehcache-spring-annotations
 * @see 目前已經到了1.2.0版本,它只是簡化了Spring和Ehcache集成的復雜性(事實上我覺得完全沒必要,因為它倆集成并不復雜)
 * @see 盡管如此還是要提一下,它的項目主頁為https://code.google.com/p/ehcache-spring-annotations/
 * @see 這篇文章中描述了其用法http://blog.goyello.com/2010/07/29/quick-start-with-ehcache-annotations-for-spring/
 * @see ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * @see 1)使用時在項目中引入ehcache-spring-annotations-1.2.0.jar和guava-r09.jar兩個jar文件
 * @see 2)然后在applicationContext.xml按照如下配置
 * @see <beans xmlns:ehcache="http://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-spring"
 * @see xsi:schemaLocation="http://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-spring
 * @see http://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-spring/ehcache-spring-1.2.xsd">
 * @see <ehcache:annotation-driven/>
 * @see <ehcache:config cache-manager="cacheManager">
 * @see <ehcache:evict-expired-elements interval="60"/>
 * @see </ehcache:config>
 * @see <bean id="cacheManager" class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManagerFactoryBean">
 * @see <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:ehcache.xml"/>
 * @see </bean>
 * @see 3)最后在需要緩存的方法上使用@Cacheable和@TriggersRemove注解即可
 * @see 經我親測,@TriggersRemove(cacheName="..", when="..", removeAll=true)可移除緩存中的全部對象
 * @see 但若寫成@TriggersRemove(cacheName="..", when="..")則不會移除緩存中的單一的或所有的對象,即緩存中的對象無變化
 * @see ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * @create Oct 3, 2013 4:56:35 PM
 * @author 玄玉<http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer>
 */

下面開始羅列示例代碼，首先是web.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <web-app version="2.5"
 xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
 http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
 
 <servlet>
 <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
 <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
 <init-param>
 <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
 <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
 </init-param>
 <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
 </servlet>
 <servlet-mapping>
 <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
 <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>
 </web-app>

然后是//src//applicationContext.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
 xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.2.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">
 <context:component-scan base-package="com.jadyer"/>

 
 <mvc:annotation-driven/>
 <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
 <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
 <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
 </bean>
 <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="forward:/index.jsp"/>

 
 
 <cache:annotation-driven cache-manager="cacheManager"/>
 
 
 
 
 <bean id="cacheManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManagerFactoryBean">
 <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:ehcache.xml"/>
 </bean>
 <bean id="cacheManager" class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheCacheManager">
 <property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManagerFactory"/>
 </bean>
 </beans>

下面是//src//ehcache.xml

 
 
 
 
 
 <ehcache>
 <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/>
 <defaultCache
 maxElementsInMemory="1000"
 eternal="false"
 timeToIdleSeconds="120"
 timeToLiveSeconds="120"
 overflowToDisk="false"/>
 <cache name="myCache"
 maxElementsOnDisk="20000"
 maxElementsInMemory="2000"
 eternal="true"
 overflowToDisk="true"
 diskPersistent="true"/>
 </ehcache>
 

下面是需要被緩存處理的UserService.java

 package com.jadyer.service;

 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;

 import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CacheEvict;
 import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

 /**
 * Cacheable注解負責將方法的返回值加入到緩存中
 * CacheEvict注解負責清除緩存(它的三個參數(shù)與@Cacheable的意思是一樣的)
 * @see ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * @see value------緩存位置的名稱,不能為空,若使用EHCache則其值為ehcache.xml中的<cache name="myCache"/>
 * @see key--------緩存的Key,默認為空(表示使用方法的參數(shù)類型及參數(shù)值作為key),支持SpEL
 * @see condition--只有滿足條件的情況才會加入緩存,默認為空(表示全部都加入緩存),支持SpEL
 * @see ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * @see 該注解的源碼位于spring-context-3.2.4.RELEASE-sources.jar中
 * @see Spring針對Ehcache支持的Java源碼位于spring-context-support-3.2.4.RELEASE-sources.jar中
 * @see ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * @create Oct 3, 2013 6:17:54 PM
 * @author 玄玉<http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer>
 */
 @Service
 public class UserService {
 private Map<String, String> usersData = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, String>();

 public UserService(){
 System.out.println("用戶數(shù)據(jù)初始化..開始");
 usersData.put("2", "玄玉");
 usersData.put("3", "我的博客：http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer");
 System.out.println("用戶數(shù)據(jù)初始化..完畢");
 }

 //將查詢到的數(shù)據(jù)緩存到myCache中,并使用方法名稱加上參數(shù)中的userNo作為緩存的key
 //通常更新操作只需刷新緩存中的某個值,所以為了準確的清除特定的緩存,故定義了這個唯一的key,從而不會影響其它緩存值
 @Cacheable(value="myCache", key="'get'+#userNo")
 public String get(String userNo){
 System.out.println("數(shù)據(jù)庫中查到此用戶號[" + userNo + "]對應的用戶名為[" + usersData.get(userNo) + "]");
 return usersData.get(userNo);
 }

 @CacheEvict(value="myCache", key="'get'+#userNo")
 public void update(String userNo){
 System.out.println("移除緩存中此用戶號[" + userNo + "]對應的用戶名[" + usersData.get(userNo) + "]的緩存");
 }

 //allEntries為true表示清除value中的全部緩存,默認為false
 @CacheEvict(value="myCache", allEntries=true)
 public void removeAll(){
 System.out.println("移除緩存中的所有數(shù)據(jù)");
 }
 }

下面是UserController.java

 package com.jadyer.controller;

 import javax.annotation.Resource;

 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 import org.springframework.ui.Model;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

 import com.jadyer.service.UserService;

 /**
 * 這里用到的jar如下
 * aopalliance.jar
 * commons-logging-1.1.2.jar
 * ehcache-2.7.4.jar
 * slf4j-api-1.7.5.jar
 * spring-aop-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * spring-beans-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * spring-context-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * spring-context-support-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * spring-core-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * spring-expression-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * spring-web-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * spring-webmvc-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @create Oct 3, 2013 6:22:43 PM
 * @author 玄玉<http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer>
 */
 @Controller
 @RequestMapping("cacheTest")
 public class UserController {
 @Resource
 private UserService userService;

 @RequestMapping(value="/get/{userNo}", method=RequestMethod.GET)
 public String get(@PathVariable String userNo, Model model){
 String username = userService.get(userNo);
 model.addAttribute("username", username);
 return "getUser";
 }

 @RequestMapping(value="/update/{userNo}", method=RequestMethod.GET)
 public String update(@PathVariable String userNo, Model model){
 userService.update(userNo);
 model.addAttribute("userNo", userNo);
 return "updateUser";
 }

 @RequestMapping(value="/removeAll", method=RequestMethod.GET)
 public String removeAll(){
 userService.removeAll();
 return "removeAllUser";
 }
 }

最后把剩下的4個jsp頁面列出來，首先是index.jsp

 <%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 查看<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/cacheTest/get/2" target="_blank">2號</a>用戶名
 
 
 查看<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/cacheTest/get/3" target="_blank">3號</a>用戶名
 
 
 更新<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/cacheTest/update/3" target="_blank">3號</a>用戶名
 
 
 移除<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/cacheTest/removeAll" target="_blank">所有</a>用戶名

下面是getUser.jsp

 <%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 當前用戶名為${username}

下面是updateUser.jsp

 <%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 已更新${userNo}號用戶

最后是removeAllUser.jsp

 <%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 已移除所有用戶

spring.xml里面的文件配置

 xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.2.xsd


 
 <cache:annotation-driven cache-manager="cacheManager" />
 
 <bean id="cacheManager" class="org.springframework.cache.support.SimpleCacheManager">
 <property name="caches">
 <set>
 <bean
 class="org.springframework.cache.concurrent.ConcurrentMapCacheFactoryBean"
 p:name="default" />
 <bean
 class="org.springframework.cache.concurrent.ConcurrentMapCacheFactoryBean"
 p:name="config" />
 <bean
 class="org.springframework.cache.concurrent.ConcurrentMapCacheFactoryBean"
 p:name="folder" />
 <bean
 class="org.springframework.cache.concurrent.ConcurrentMapCacheFactoryBean"
 p:name="acticle" />
 <bean
 class="org.springframework.cache.concurrent.ConcurrentMapCacheFactoryBean"
 p:name="attachment" />
 </set>
 </property>
 </bean>

測試時，訪問index.jsp之后點擊各個鏈接并依次觀察控制臺輸出即可
緩存有效果的特征是：第二次查詢數(shù)據(jù)時不會訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫（即不打印日志）

作者：chen.yu
深信服三年半工作經驗，目前就職游戲廠商，希望能和大家交流和學習,
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