pageContext和局部變量的區(qū)別?

pageContext:   保存的鍵值僅在本個(gè)頁面有效。在未來學(xué)習(xí)Taglib過程當(dāng)中,將發(fā)揮巨大作用。類變量被所有用戶(瀏覽器)只在這一頁時(shí)共享(例如例1.1),而pageContext 被某個(gè)用戶(瀏覽器)只在這一頁時(shí)才有。pageContext范圍比類變量小,和局部變量是一樣的,但局部變量可以在非service的方法中用,而 pageContext只能在service方法中用。 見例子2.4
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5)局部變量:轉(zhuǎn)化成servlet后的某個(gè)方法中的局部變量。

6)類變量:轉(zhuǎn)化成servlet后的類變量。



例 2.3

<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=GBK" %>
<html>
<body>
<%
 request.setAttribute("rName","rmark-to-win");
 application.setAttribute("aName","amark-to-win");
 session.setAttribute("sName","smark-to-win");
 request.getRequestDispatcher("/Cookie/AddCookie").forward(request,response);
/*如用下面的response,request就取不出來了。 結(jié)果就變成如下了 null amark-to-win smark-to-win*/
//  response.sendRedirect("http://localhost:8080/ServletHello/Cookie/AddCookie");
%>
</body>
</html>



package com;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class AddCookie extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
      String rav=(String)request.getAttribute("rName");
      String scs=(String)this.getServletContext().getAttribute("aName");
      String sa=(String)request.getSession().getAttribute("sName");
      System.out.println(rav+" "+scs+" "+sa);
    }
}


輸出的結(jié)果是:
rmark-to-win amark-to-win smark-to-win



比較pageContext,類變量和局部變量,下面給出一個(gè)例子。




例 2.4


<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=GBK"%>
<html>
<body bgcolor="#ffffff">
    <%!double called() {
        int c=9;//局部變量可以放在service外的方法里。
/*下一句錯(cuò)誤,因?yàn)閜ageContext只能放在service里面,外面can not be resolved.*/   
 //       pageContext.getAttribute("abc");
        return Math.random();
    }%>
    <%!int a = 3;%>
    <%
        int b=4;
        if (pageContext.getAttribute("abc") != null) {
            pageContext.setAttribute("abc", "xyz1");
        } else {
            pageContext.setAttribute("abc", "xyz");
        }
    %>
    <%
        if(b==4) System.out.println(b+" is still 4");
        b++;
        System.out.println(a++);
        /*you can not write System.out.println(abc); it will report error by drawing the red line*/
        System.out.println(pageContext.getAttribute("abc"));
    %>
    <h1>JBuilder Generated JSP</h1>
</body>
</html>



輸出結(jié)果:
4 is still 4
3
xyz


再次刷新訪問,無論換不換瀏覽器,結(jié)果都變成:

4 is still 4
4
xyz



再刷:



4 is still 4
5
xyz



再刷:



4 is still 4
6
xyz