java中Synchronized引起的并發(fā)線程的無限等待的解決方法

Synchronized引起的并發(fā)線程的無限等待的解決方法 

我們在數(shù)據(jù)庫并發(fā)訪問中經(jīng)常用到:select * from table for update,這句話會引起所有執(zhí)行這句話的線程排隊(duì),一個一個的序列執(zhí)行。等待的線程只能死等,直到超時為止。下面程序的f1就模仿這句話的感覺。



例1.9.6:

class A {
    public synchronized void f1() {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(5000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("f1模仿select * from table for update,執(zhí)行的很慢"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}

class MyThread1 extends Thread {
    A a;
    public MyThread1(A a) {
        this.a = a;
    }
    public void run() {
        a.f1();
    }
}


public class TestMark_to_win {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyThread1[] threads = new MyThread1[3];
        A a = new A();
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            threads[i] = new MyThread1(a);
            threads[i].start();
        }
    }
}

輸出結(jié)果:
f1模仿select * from table for update,執(zhí)行的很慢Thread-0
f1模仿select * from table for update,執(zhí)行的很慢Thread-2
f1模仿select * from table for update,執(zhí)行的很慢Thread-1


下面程序的concuNum會記錄,現(xiàn)在隊(duì)列里多少人在排隊(duì)。selectForUpdateIntel就成了智能版的select * from table for update,人少我就排隊(duì),人多我就直接撤。





例1.9.6:

class A {
    int concuNum=0;
    private synchronized void selectForUpdateSyn() {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("模仿select * from table for update,執(zhí)行的很慢"
                + Thread.currentThread().getName()+"目前隊(duì)中有"+concuNum+"人");
    }
  
    public void selectForUpdate() {
        concuNum++;
        selectForUpdateSyn();
        concuNum--;
    }
    public void selectForUpdateIntel() {
        if(concuNum<3){
            System.out.println("我是聰明人,目前隊(duì)中人不多,有"+concuNum+"人,我等");
            selectForUpdate();
        }else {
            System.out.println(concuNum+"! 我是聰明人,排隊(duì)人太多,我先不排了");
        }
    }
}

class MyThread1 extends Thread {
    A a;

    public MyThread1(A a) {
        this.a = a;
    }

    public void run() {
        a.selectForUpdate();
    }
}


class MyThread2 extends Thread {
    A a;
    public MyThread2(A a) {
        this.a = a;
    }
    public void run() {
        a.selectForUpdateIntel();
    }
}

public class TestMark_to_win {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyThread1[] threads = new MyThread1[3];
        A a = new A();
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            threads[i] = new MyThread1(a);
        }
        MyThread2 myThread2=new MyThread2(a);

        threads[0].start();
        threads[1].start();
        myThread2.start();
        threads[2].start();
    }
}

運(yùn)行結(jié)果:
3! 我是聰明人,排隊(duì)人太多,我先不排了
模仿select * from table for update,執(zhí)行的很慢Thread-0目前隊(duì)中有3人
模仿select * from table for update,執(zhí)行的很慢Thread-1目前隊(duì)中有2人
模仿select * from table for update,執(zhí)行的很慢Thread-2目前隊(duì)中有1人

運(yùn)行結(jié)果有時又變成:

我是聰明人,目前隊(duì)中人不多,有1人,我等
模仿select * from table for update,執(zhí)行的很慢Thread-1目前隊(duì)中有4人
模仿select * from table for update,執(zhí)行的很慢Thread-2目前隊(duì)中有3人
模仿select * from table for update,執(zhí)行的很慢Thread-0目前隊(duì)中有2人
模仿select * from table for update,執(zhí)行的很慢Thread-3目前隊(duì)中有1人